LOPA is a widely used methodology for risk-based assessments of process related scenarios in the process industries. Since a standardization of how to use the method is vital to end up with consistent and robust results, an Austrian working group with participants from authorities, industry and risk experts established this guideline. It should help the user in the application of LOPA also by means of eight worked examples coming from industrial practice.

Content
   •   Preface  
   •   Scope and Range of Application
   •   Risk Acceptance and Tolerance Limit Values
   •   The LOPA Method – an Overview
   •   Technical Initiating Events
   •   Human Failure
   •   Enabling Events
   •   Layers of Protection
   •   Conditional Modifiers
   •   Examples